Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery |
|
| Editor:
| Pickard, John D.
Akalan, Nejat
Rocco, Concezio di
Dolenc, Vinko V.
Lobo Antunes, J.
Mooij, J. J. A.
Schramm, Johannes
Sindou, Marc |
| Series title: | Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery Ser. |
| ISBN: | 978-3-211-78740-3 |
| Publication Date: | Feb 2009 |
| Publisher: | Springer
|
| Book Format: | Hardback |
| List Price: | AUD $471.95 |
Book Description:
|
Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery was conceived in 1972byitsfoundingfathersJeanBrihaye,BernardPertuiset,FritzLoew e andHugoKrayenbuuhlatacombinedmeetingoftheItalianandGerman NeurosurgicalSocietiesinTaormina. Itwasdesignedtocomplementthe Europeanpost-graduatetrainingsystemforyoungneurosurgeonsandwas ?rst published in 1974 initially through sponsorship by the European AssociationofNeurosurgicalSocieties. Allcontributionshavebeenp-...
More DescriptionAdvances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery was conceived in 1972byitsfoundingfathersJeanBrihaye,BernardPertuiset,FritzLoew e andHugoKrayenbuuhlatacombinedmeetingoftheItalianandGerman NeurosurgicalSocietiesinTaormina. Itwasdesignedtocomplementthe Europeanpost-graduatetrainingsystemforyoungneurosurgeonsandwas ?rst published in 1974 initially through sponsorship by the European AssociationofNeurosurgicalSocieties. Allcontributionshavebeenp- lishedinEnglishtofacilitateinternationalunderstanding. Theambitionofallsuccessiveeditorialboardshasbeentoprovidean opportunityformaturescholarshipandre?ection,notconstrainedbyar- ?ciallimitsonspace. Theseriesprovidesaremarkableaccountofprogress overthepast35years,bothwithregardtoadvances,detaileddescriptions of standard operative procedures and in- depth reviews of established knowledge. Thepresentvolumeisnoexceptionandshouldappealtoboth experiencedneurosurgeonsandyoungneurosurgeonsintrainingalike. TheEditors Contents Listofcontributors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XIII Advances Present and potential future adjuvant issues in high-grade astrocytic glioma 1,2 1 1 2 1 treatment. F. LEFRANC ,M. RYNKOWSKI,O. DEWITTE,andR. KISS, Department ofNeurosurgery,ErasmeUniversityHospital,FreeUniversityofBrussels(U. L. B. ), 2 Brussels,Belgium, LaboratoryofToxicology,InstituteofPharmacy,FreeUniversity ofBrussels(U. L. B. ),Brussels,Belgium Abstract. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Naturalresistanceofmigratingmalignantgliomacellstoapoptosis (radiotherapyandchemotherapy). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Patternsofcelldeath. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Autophagy:apotentialTrojanhorseformalignantgliomas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Therapeuticbene?tsoftemozolomide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Localtherapiesforglioblastomas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Ongoingclinicaltrialsforglioblastomas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Growthfactorreceptorinhibitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 PI3K=Akt,mTORandNF- Binhibitors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Matrixmetalloproteinase(MMP)inhibitors(MMPI). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Angiogenesistargeting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Cellularandvaccinationtherapies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Genetherapy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Reducingmalignantgliomacellmotilityinordertorestore pro-apoptoticdrugsensitivity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Thesodiumpumpconstitutesapotentialtargettocombat malignantgliomas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Thesodiumpump. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Cardiotonicsteroids:ligandsofthesodiumpump. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 VIII Contents Thesodiumpumpisinvolvedincancercellproliferation, migrationanddeath. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Braintumorstemcellsapotentialtargettocombatmalignantgliomas. . . . . . . 26 Conclusions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 e Deepbrainstimulationforpsychiatricdisorders-stateoftheart. T. E. SCHLA APFER and B. H. BEWERNICK, Brain Stimulation Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,UniversityHospitalBonn,GermanyandDepartmentsofPsychiatry andMentalHealth,TheJohnsHopkinsUniversity,MD,USA Abstract. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Historyofdeepbrainstimulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 PrinciplesofDBS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 NeurobiologyofdepressionandOCD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Neurobiologyofdepression. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 NeurobiologyofOCD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 StudiesofDBSandpsychiatricdisorders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Problemsintargetselection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Targetsindepression. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 TargetsinOCD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 SafetyandadvantagesofDBS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 EthicalaspectsandstandardsinDBS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Ethicalconsiderations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 ThepathtowardsmandatorystandardsforDBSinpsychiatricdisorders. . . . . . . . 52 Conclusions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 ThefutureofDBS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Standards High?owextracranialtointracranialvascularbypassprocedureforgiantan- rysms:indications,surgicaltechnique,complicationsandoutcome. H. C. PATEL and P. J. KIRKPATRICK, Department of Academic Neurosurgery, Addenbrooke''s Hospital,UniversityofCambridge,Cambridge,UK Abstract. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Surgicaltechnique. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Cranialexposure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Cervicalexposure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Saphenousveinexposure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Preauriculartunnel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Contents IX Anastamoses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Distalanastamosis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Externalcarotidanastamosis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Closureandpostoperativecare. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Discussion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Comparisonofoutcomes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Choosingthetypeofgraft. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Longtermpatencyofgrafts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Ischaemiccomplications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Anticoagulationrelatedmorbidity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .