A Laboratory Manual of Organic Chemistry

Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www.million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: The radical benzoyl was first used by Schotten (Ber. 17, 2,545), in order to obtain a crystalline derivative of piperidine. He prepared benzoyl-piperidine by the use of benzoyl chloride with sufficient sodium hydroxide to neutralise the hydrochloric acid formed. Baumann (Ber. 19, 3,219) worked out the...
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Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www.million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: The radical benzoyl was first used by Schotten (Ber. 17, 2,545), in order to obtain a crystalline derivative of piperidine. He prepared benzoyl-piperidine by the use of benzoyl chloride with sufficient sodium hydroxide to neutralise the hydrochloric acid formed. Baumann (Ber. 19, 3,219) worked out the method systematically, and the following example shows how it may be applied. Grape sugar (5gr.) is dissolved in water(15 cc.)and a 10 per cent. solution of sodium hydroxide (21occ.) and the necessary benzoyl chloride (30cc.) are added. After the whole has been shaken until the odour of benzoyl chloride has disappeared, 13 grains of an ester, chiefly the tetra-benzoyl derivative of grape sugar, is found to have been formed. Pechmann (Ber. 25, 1,045) dissolved aceto-acetic ether (20 gr.) in water (3occ.) and a 15 per cent. solution of sodium hydroxide (35 cc.). and shook the mixture up seven times with as many quantities of benzoyl chloride (1ogr.) and caustic soda (30 cc.), continuing the shaking each time until the odour of the benzoyl chloride had disappeared. The mixture was kept cool with water so that the temperature did not exceed 25 at any time during the hour or so which the experiment occupied. The product consisted of equal parts of benzoyl- and dibenzoyl-acetoacetic ether. In the case of glycerol, Diez (Z. physiolog. Ch. U, 472) states that where the solution contains less than 2 per cent., the yield of benzoate by this method is so good that it can be used for quantitative estimation. For the complete conversion of carbohydrates into the benzoic ester Panormow (Ber. 24, R- 971) states that stronger caustic soda than Baumann used is necessary. By using 6 parts of benzoyl chloride and 48 parts of 18-20 per cent. caustic soda for every part of the carbohydrate o...