Manual of Clinical Diagnosis

Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www.million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: CHAPTER III, ORGANS OF RESPIRATION Topography of the Chest. The vertebral column has a normal curvature at the cervical, dorsal, lumbar, and sacral regions. A pathological curvature of the vertebral column convexly backward is called cyphosis. The same deformity, not curved but angular in character, is...
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Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www.million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: CHAPTER III, ORGANS OF RESPIRATION Topography of the Chest. The vertebral column has a normal curvature at the cervical, dorsal, lumbar, and sacral regions. A pathological curvature of the vertebral column convexly backward is called cyphosis. The same deformity, not curved but angular in character, is called gibbus. A curvature forward is called lordosis, and a lateral curvature scoliosis. A deforming curvature both laterally and backward is called cypho-scoliosis. The sternum in the adult is about 16?20 cm. 6-8 inches] long. The angular prominence between the manubrium and body is called the angulus Ludovici. A bending inward of the xiphoid process, and of the lower part of the body, is called funnel breast. This latter shape of the thorax is acquired, and is seen in some occupations, e. g., in cobblers who press their instruments against the breast (cobbler, s breast). When the costal cartilages in rachitis are pressed in by lateral compression, and the sternum has a keel shape, it is called pectus carinatum or chicken breast. The clavicle has a supra- and infra-clavicular groove in it. The external part of the latter is called Mohren- heim, s groove. The scapula covers the second to seventh or third to eighth rib, and is provided with a fossa supraspinata anda fossa infraspinata. Between the inner border of each scapula is the inter-scapular space. In order to determine the height of the thorax in front, we must follow the ribs by beginning to count at the second; and behind the landmarks are the spinous processes, beginning with the seventh cervical, the vertebra prominens. The Harrison furrow has a horizontal direction at the level of the xiphoid process, and corresponding to the normal attachment of the diaphragm. The region below this furrow to the an..