Microbial Diversity and Genetics of Biodegradation

In the past 50 years the number of artificial compounds in existence has increased exponentially. Compounds containing chlorine atoms, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid are extremely resistant to decomposition and have become major environmental problems. More recently, however, certain microorganisms have been discovered which can break down these compounds - a finding which offers attractive perspectives for eliminating...
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In the past 50 years the number of artificial compounds in existence has increased exponentially. Compounds containing chlorine atoms, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid are extremely resistant to decomposition and have become major environmental problems. More recently, however, certain microorganisms have been discovered which can break down these compounds - a finding which offers attractive perspectives for eliminating environmental toxins biologically. This book presents the key results of an international research project on microbial evolution - a collaboration between research centers in the USA and Japan. Following an overview of basic knowledge and perspectives on microbial diversity and the genetics of biodegradation of aromatic compounds, the biochemistry of xenobiotic biodegradation is described in detail. Several chapters discuss microbial ecology and community structure while others consider evolutionary mechanisms and pathway diversity of 2,4-D and PCB degradation. Furthering the development of novel and improved methodologies for fighting environmental pollution, this book will be a valuable resource for microbiologists from both academia and industry.