Vagotoni

Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www.million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: autonomic may to a certain extent be regarded as a paralyzant of the sympathetic. The symptomatic contrast of sympathetic paralysis and autonomic stimulation on the one hand with sympathetic stimulation and autonomic paralysis on the other may best be seen in the pupillary reactions to these different...
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Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www.million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: autonomic may to a certain extent be regarded as a paralyzant of the sympathetic. The symptomatic contrast of sympathetic paralysis and autonomic stimulation on the one hand with sympathetic stimulation and autonomic paralysis on the other may best be seen in the pupillary reactions to these different poisons. The following diagram shows these relations: No. 1 AtropinStimulation o /ParalysisPilocarpin Adrenalin No. 2 Paralysis In these diagrams, A S represents a balance with arms of equal length, showing the equilibrium in the tonus of the two systems. A = autonomic, S = sympathetic. If there be stimulation at S, say by adrenalin, the balance will tilt towards paralysis on the A side, as shown in diagram 2. Also, if a weight be taken from A, it will rise as in diagram 2. Thus it may be seen how atropin and adrenalin may produce the same effects in the body, and also how pilocarpin may produce symptoms similar to those of paralysis of the sympathetic. 3. TONUS AND THE DEFINITION OF THE TERM VAGOTONIA It is of great physiological interest that the stimulant of the sympathetic nervous system?adrenalin?is produced by almost all vertebrates, and that it lies in close anatomical relationship to the sympathetic system. It is formed just where it exerts its greatest action, since the so-called chromaffin cells, the adrenalin forming cells, accompany the sympathetic in its course. Through the investigations of Ehrmann, we know that adrenalin is continuously flowing from the adrenals and thus exerts a continuous influence upon the sympathetic. From this it must be concluded that the stimulating effect of the sympathetic uponits end organs is not an intermittent one, only produced when the ' affected organs become active, but is in reality continuous. It is probable...