On the Agricultural Community of the Middle Ages

Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www.million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: APPENDIX. Fenus agitarer et in usuras extend ere, ignotum: ideoque magis servatur quam si vetitum esset. Agri pro numero cultorem, ab universis per vices occupantur, quos mox inter se secundum dignationem partiuntur: facili- tatem partiendi camporum spatia praestant. Arva per annos mutant; et superest...
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Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www.million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: APPENDIX. Fenus agitarer et in usuras extend ere, ignotum: ideoque magis servatur quam si vetitum esset. Agri pro numero cultorem, ab universis per vices occupantur, quos mox inter se secundum dignationem partiuntur: facili- tatem partiendi camporum spatia praestant. Arva per annos mutant; et superest ager: nee enim cum ubertate et amplitudine soli labore contendunt, ut pomaria conserunt, et prata separent, et hortos rigent: sola teme seges imperatur. Unde annum quoque ipsum non in totidem degerunt species: hiems, et ver, et aestas intellectum ac vocabula habent: autumni perinde nomen ac bona ignorantur.? Tacitus XXVI. Germania. Pro numero cultorum?per vices. It is only by fresh divisions that land, once apportioned among a certain number of cultivators, can remain in any permanent relation to the number of those cultivators. Again: it is only by an increase of either land, or the product of land, proportionate to the increase of the population, that the respective competences of the cultivators can remain the same. Hence the words pro numero cultorum create a difficulty which is enhanced by the words per vices. Mox: This is the most difficult word of the section. Per vices. implies change from one set of holders to another; and mox?partiuntur does more. It denotes, a change from a system of periodical transfer to one of permanent appropriation. First comes a season when land shifts from owner to owner; next, one wherein it passes to a permanent state of an individual or joint property. Agri: This I think had a double importance according to its relation. a. As opposed to arva it means land in grass, wood, or fen, in contradistinction to land under the plough. b. As opposed to land which had been divided and apportioned, it means u...