The American Indian As Participant in the Civil War

The Indian alliance, so assiduously sought by the Southern Confederacy and so laboriously built up, soon revealed itself to be most unstable. Direct and unmistakable signs of its instability appeared in connection with the first real military test to which it was subjected, the Battle of Pea Ridge or Elkhorn, as it is better known in the South, the battle that stands out in the history of the War of Secession as being the most decisive victory to date of the Union forces in the West...
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The Indian alliance, so assiduously sought by the Southern Confederacy and so laboriously built up, soon revealed itself to be most unstable. Direct and unmistakable signs of its instability appeared in connection with the first real military test to which it was subjected, the Battle of Pea Ridge or Elkhorn, as it is better known in the South, the battle that stands out in the history of the War of Secession as being the most decisive victory to date of the Union forces in the West and as marking the turning point in the political relationship of the State of Missouri with the Confederate government.CONTENTSI THE BATTLE OF PEA RIDGE, OR ELKHORN AND ITS MORE IMMEDIATE EFFECTS 13 II LANE'S BRIGADE AND THE INCEPTION OF THE INDIAN 37 III THE INDIAN REFUGEES IN SOUTHERN KANSAS 79 IV THE ORGANIZATION OF THE FIRST INDIAN EXPEDITION 91 V THE MARCH TO TAHLEQUAH AND THE RETROGRADE MOVEMENT OF THE "WHITE AUXILIARY" 125 VI GENERAL PIKE IN CONTROVERSY WITH GENERAL HINDMAN 147 VII ORGANIZATION OF THE ARKANSAS AND RED RIVER SUPERINTENDENCY 171 VIII THE RETIREMENT OF GENERAL PIKE 185 IX THE REMOVAL OF THE REFUGEES TO THE SAC AND FOX AGENCY 203 X NEGOTIATIONS WITH UNION INDIANS 221 XI INDIAN TERRITORY IN 1863, JANUARY TO JUNE INCLUSIVE 243 XII INDIAN TERRITORY IN 1863, JULY TO DECEMBER INCLUSIVE 283 XIII ASPECTS, CHIEFLY MILITARY, 1864-1865 313 APPENDIX 337 SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY 353 INDEX 369