The Basics Concepts of Thermo Physiological Comfort Behaviour of Clothing Performance

This book emphasizes textile science, technology, and the design processes involved in Thermo Physiological comfort behaviour for sports, protection, Knitted and woven fabrics. In this book we have shared knowledge the basics concepts of thermo physiological comfort behaviour of clothing performance. The human body takes energy from food and convert it into work and heat while performing various activities. The amount of energy converted depends on the level of activity. The human...
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This book emphasizes textile science, technology, and the design processes involved in Thermo Physiological comfort behaviour for sports, protection, Knitted and woven fabrics. In this book we have shared knowledge the basics concepts of thermo physiological comfort behaviour of clothing performance. The human body takes energy from food and convert it into work and heat while performing various activities. The amount of energy converted depends on the level of activity. The human thermal system in thermal equilibrium state strives to keep the body core temperature constant at 37°C. The major heat loss occurs through the skin, only a small percentage accounts for the heat transfer via respiration. Clothing is an important interface between the human and the environment. Since we cover the skin usually with clothing, the heat release of the human body is strongly influenced by the heat and moisture transfer through clothing. The effect of clothing on thermoregulation depends in the properties of the textile materials used in first place next to skin. These provide thermal insulation as well as resistance against vapour (sweat) transfer.

Garments do functions as a resistance to heat and moisture transfer between skin and environment. However, a garment is more than just the textile layer. Air layers entrenched in the clothing provide additional insulation and the total thermal protection provided by a garment is for a large part based on these enclosed air layers and strongly influenced by the clothing design and fit. The insulation is very much dependent on the thickness of the material (i.e., the enclosed air layer) density of its component fabrics, but less on the fibre type. With thin materials, the fibre component gets a more important role as there e.g., different weave characteristics affect the diffusion properties more than in thick materials. Thermal conductivity in porous structures depends on the quantity of textile fibres as the basic elements of textiles and it also depends on the quantity of closed air in porous structure and total thickness of fabrics. Quantity of heat resisted includes the impact of thickness of porous structure and coefficient of thermal conductivity. Thus, with the aim of reaching optimum temperature and moisture on the body surface while activities, the fabric must be able to adjust to the needs of body over a wide range of external temperatures and activities. Certain combinations of fabric construction, chemical finishes and garment construction can keep the body warmer or cooler, depending on environmental conditions. Usually, fabrics are geared for one or the other. The type of fibre (natural, synthetic or blend), the fabric structure (woven or knitted) and fabric constructions (densities of yarns, fabric thickness, etc) are amongst the parameters that may affect the thermal and breathability properties of garment and sportswear fabrics.